未来50年内塑造世界的三大力量。
Looking to the future, there are three forces that will shape the world over the next 50 years.
首先是经济和金融，尤其是通货膨胀。整个世界的货币政策都很宽松。由于世界的潜在增长远低于过去十年的平均水平，并且公共债务如此之高，因此流动性的利率几乎为零，因此市场变得极为敏感。我们正处于不平衡的复苏过程中。
The first is the economy and finance, particularly inflation. Monetary policy is quite loose in the world as a whole. Since the potential growth of the world is much lower than the average level over the past 10 years, and the public debt is so high, the interest rate of the liquidity is almost zero, so the market has become extremely sensitive. We are in a process of unbalanced recovery.
通货膨胀将以很大的方式折返。许多国家提高了利率，包括巴西，土耳其和俄罗斯，这表明通货膨胀不仅会出现在美国，而且还藏在世界的许多角落。因此，央行行长必须与市场保持良好的交流。低利率和高债务比率将在未来十年中共存。但是，从长远来看，这是不可持续的，因为不可能一直通过印钞解决。世界面临着严重的宏观经济问题。
Inflation will return in a big way. Many countries have raised interest rates, including Brazil, Turkey and Russia, indicating inflation will not only appear in the United States, it is hiding in many corners of the world. So central bank governors must maintain good exchanges with the market. Low interest rates and the high debt ratio will co-exist over the next decade. But this is unsustainable in the long run, as it is impossible to print currency notes like this forever. The world is confronted with grave macro-economic problems.
第二力量是技术创新。技术的进步太快了，它的普遍影响着我们。但是我们仍然不知道方向。例如，人工智能仍然是一个黑匣子，因为我们不知道如何控制它，以及它将如何影响制造业，社会结构和生活方式。在接下来的几十年中，技术将以更快的速度发展。但是，存在很多不确定性。
The second force is technology innovation. The advancement of technology is too fast, and its influences are universal. But we still do not know our direction. For instance, artificial intelligence is still a black box, as we have no idea how to control it, and how it will impact manufacturing, the social structure and lifestyles. Over the next few decades, technology will progress at an even faster rate. But there exist so many uncertainties about it.
第三个力量是碳中和。这将不是一种经济代价，而是一个巨大的机会，对中国尤其如此，因为它可以从根本上改变生产，人们的消费和生活方式。这是一种范式转变。中国正试图将其传统的工业发展模式转变为绿色模式。这是一个很大的变化，但它将为未来十年中国的绿色发展奠定坚实的基础。许多欧洲国家发誓要在2050年之前实现碳中和，并在2060年之前实现发展中国家的碳中和。这两者都不容易。但这将以多种方式影响世界，因为它涉及技术，创新和效率。
The third force is carbon neutrality. It will not be a kind of economic cost, but a big opportunity, particularly to China, as it can fundamentally change production and people's consumption and lifestyles. It is a paradigm shift. China is trying to transform its traditional industrial development model to a green model. It is quite a big change but it will lay a solid foundation for China's green development over the next decade. Many European countries vow to realize carbon neutrality by 2050, and China by 2060. Both are not easy. But it will impact the world in many ways, as it involves technology, innovation and efficiency.
各国必须在上述三个领域密切合作。我们都在同一条船上，必须团结并共同努力。
Countries must cooperate closely in the three aforementioned fields. We are all in the same boat, and have to unite and make joint efforts.